To FOB or CIF, That is the Question以离岸价或到岸价格，这是一个问题

Most first time importers, and even those with experience, remain unsure whether to purchase from suppliers on FOB or CIF terms.大多数第一次进口商，即使是那些与经验，仍然无法确定其是否购买，从对供应商的离岸价格或CIF条款。 FOB and CIF are two of the most popular incoterms and understanding them is important.离岸价格和到岸价格是两个最流行的术语解释和理解他们是很重要的。 First, FOB stands for ‘Free on Board’ and CIF stands for ‘Cost, Insurance & Freight’.首先，离岸主张'自由船上'和CIF主张'成本，保险及运费' 。

When calculating your landed cost, the largest gray area especially for new importers, is around the “on the water” portion of the journey.当您在计算降落成本，最大的灰色地带，尤其是新的进口商，是围绕"水"部分的征程。 Therefore, you may want to consider placing your orders, or at least your first order, CIF instead of FOB if you want the least amount of surprises.因此，您可能希望考虑把你的命令，或者至少在你的第一个命令，到岸价格而不是离岸价，如果您想将最少量的惊喜。 Here is a clear explanation of what is covered with FOB and CIF:这里是一个清楚的解释了什么是布满离岸价格和到岸价格：

Buyer & Seller Responsibilities for FOB vs. CIF买方与卖方的责任，为离岸价与到岸价

Services服务	FOB离岸价	CIF到岸价
Warehouse Storage仓储	Seller卖家	Seller卖家
Warehouse Labor仓库劳动	Seller卖家	Seller卖家
Export Packing出口包装	Seller卖家	Seller卖家
Loading Charges装卸费	Seller卖家	Seller卖家
Inland Freight内陆货运	Seller卖家	Seller卖家
Terminal Charges码头费	Seller卖家	Seller卖家
Forwarder's Fees货代的费用	Buyer买方	Seller卖家
Loading On Vessel载货船舶	Seller卖家	Seller卖家
Ocean/Air Freight & Insurance海洋/航空运费及保险	Buyer买方	Seller卖家
Charges On Arrival At Destination收费就到达目的地	Buyer买方	Buyer买方
Duty, Taxes, & Customs Clearance税，商业税，与海关清关	Buyer买方	Buyer买方
Delivery To Destination运送至目的地	Buyer买方	Buyer买方

So… you may be asking why you shouldn’t always purchase product CIF instead of FOB?所以… …你可能会问，为什么你不应该总是购买产品的到岸价格，而非离岸价？ There are some good reasons.也有一些很好的理由。 For example:例如：

1. 1 。 Comparing Apples to Apples Cost Across Factories - When factories quote CIF, you have no way of really knowing the breakdown of costs. 比较苹果苹果成本跨越工厂 -当工厂的C IF报价，你没有办法真正了解费用细目。 They could potentially be padding a specific cost for extra profit or they may be artificially lowering the cost of the goods and transferring cost to the shipping/insurance side of the equation.他们有可能被填充一个特定费用的额外利润，也可能被人为地降低了生产成本，对商品和转移成本，以航运/保险方面。 If you’re looking to find the cheapest producer of the product itself across multiple factories, it’s easier to compare apples to apples using FOB.如果您也想找到最便宜的生产者的产品本身横跨多个工厂，可以更轻松地比较苹果苹果用离岸价。

2. 2 。 Your Shipping/Insurance Agent May Be Cheaper - While larger factories typically have good relations with freight forwarders, shipping companies and the like, don’t underestimate your own ability to negotiate for good rates either. 你的船/保险代理人可能会较便宜 -而较大的工厂，通常也有很好的关系，货运代理，船务公司等，不要低估你自己的谈判能力，为良好的利率。 If the lowest landed cost is important to you, make some phone calls as well.如果降落的最低成本是很重要的你，使一些电话等。 We personally recommend based on experience我们亲自推荐的基础上的经验 Triple Eagle三鹰 . 。

3. 3 。 Opportunities to Build Relationships - Especially as you grow your importing venture, building relationships with the largest number of companies can go a long way. 机会来建立关系 -尤其是随着企业的成长，你的进口风险，建立合作关系，与人数最多的公司可以去了漫长的道路。 By putting all your eggs in the supplier basket, you’re tying yourself to that supplier.把所有的鸡蛋供应商篮子，你就绑在自己认为供应商。 It may be harder to switch factories in the future if necessary if you’re unaware of all the details of your transactions.它可能会更难开关厂，在日后有需要时，如果您不知道所有的细节，你的交易。

As you can see, there are benefits to choosing FOB and CIF.你可以看到，有效益，以选择离岸价格和到岸价格。 It just depends on your own specific situation.它只是取决于你自己的具体情况。 However we hope this article makes this area a bit clearer.但是，我们希望这条使得这方面有点清楚。

February 1, 2008 | Filed Under 2008年2月1日|文章属于 Logistics物流 | 5 Comments 5评论

Unloading Containers - Be Prepared When the Goods Land!卸下集装箱-准备当货物的土地！

There are a number of variables and obstacles to consider when unloading a container and SourceJuice has you covered with experiential knowledge before your container arrives.有一些变数和障碍时要考虑卸下货柜sourcejuice为您提供服务的经验与知识，然后你的货柜抵达。

Tools of the Trade 行业工具
If you have ever worked on a car then you are aware that the right tools make all the difference.如果您曾经从事了车，然后你知道正确的工具，使所有差别。 Unloading a container is no different in this respect.卸下一个集装箱没有什么不同，在这方面的工作。 Here are some of the common items you should have prepared.这里有一些共同项目，你应该有准备。

Loading dock - *most* containers are not like the “POD” units that are able to be slid off the trucks to ground level.卸货区-*最*货柜是不一样的"荚"的单位，能够被滑向起飞的卡车以地面水平。 See below for your options to get around this requirement.看看下面为您选择出行的这项规定。
Plywood/lumber/ramp - loading docks do not always line up with the truck, a small ramp may be required.胶合板/木材/匝道-装载码头并不总是一致，与卡车，一个小坡道可能需要。
Storage facility贮存设施
Forklift & operator叉车＆运营商
Palletjack - the forklift can’t get in everywhere. palletjack -叉车不能在无处不在。 In addition, broken crates can be hand unloaded to a palletjack and moved in this manner.此外，破碎板条箱，可卸下手，一palletjack并提出用这种方式。
Proper lighting - even if it is daylight, it can still be dark near the end of the container.适当照明-即使是白天，它依然可以成为黑暗中接近尾声的货柜。 It may be necessary to identify the markings on the crates to match with the packing list.可能有必要找出标记，包装箱，以配合与装箱清单。
Fan (depending on temperature) & fluids - it can get unbelievably hot inside containers, stay cool and stay hydrated.范（取决于温度）及流体-就能得到令人难以置信地热容器内，保持冷静，并留水合。
Mask & gloves - the containers are many times fumigated with chemicals and arrive extremely dusty.面具与手套-容器多次熏蒸与化学品和到达极尘土飞扬。 During the unloading process these harmful particles can become air borne.在卸货过程中，这些有害粒子能成为空气传染的。 Mask and gloves are your most basic of safety measures.口罩及手套，是你的最基本的安全措施。
Hammer, catclaw and hand-saw - depending on your product, the goods are typically packaged in some type of锤子， catclaw和手工锯-这取决于你的产品，该产品通常包装在某种类型的 WPM运动 (wood packaging material), crates, etc. The crates are crudely fashioned together with nails or screws. （木质包装材料），包装箱等，包装箱是粗率地连同钉或螺丝钉。 Be aware that these crates are some times stacked and can be damaged in transit.看到，这些包装箱是某些时候堆叠，可在运送过程中损坏。 In addition there will not be much space between the crates to work, expect to unload the entire container and then unpackage.此外，还有将不会有太大的空间之间的包装箱工作，预计卸货，整个货柜，然后unpackage 。
Extra pair of hands and feet (workers) on hand额外的对手和脚（工人）手
Camera & notepad - for notes, inventory, damaged and defective product related uses.照相器材记事-为债券，存货，损坏及缺陷产品有关的用途。
Packing list, phone numbers for logistics contacts and customs broker包装清单，电话号码为物流的联系和海关经纪人
Quickbooks or other inventory system installed and ready for entry. QuickBooks的或其他存货系统安装，并准备参赛。

Time 时间
Time is of the essence when unloading a container.时间是最重要的，当卸下一个集装箱。 Make all your preparations ahead of time so that the unloading process can be a breeze.使您的所有未雨绸缪的时间，使该卸载过程可以变得轻而易举。 Keep in mind there are a lot of people, places and events to manage - all of which cost money if delays occur.请记住，有很多人，场所和事件管理-所有这些都需要花费金钱，如果延误发生。 Each domestic freight company will be different, but during a delivery, a general rule is: first 2 hours are free, $60/hr thereafter.每一个国内货运公司会有所不同，但在交付，一般规则是：首先2个小时都是免费的， $ 60/hr 。 Call the company providing logistics for delivery and find out their policies.致电该公司提供物流运送，并了解他们的政策。

No Loading Dock? 不卸货？
Believe it or not, this is a common problem for the “newly imported”.相信与否，这是一个共同的问题，为"新入口" 。 Many times warehouses are still under construction or circumstances never arose that required such a need for daily business.多次仓库仍在施工或情况从未发生，需要有此需要，为日常业务。 If this is your business now, get a dock - it will save you time and money!如果这是你现在的业务，赢得新船坞-它会为您节省时间和金钱！ In the mean time here are your options:在平均时间，这里是你的选择：

Cross-dock the container to a warehouse facility that can unload your container and reload it to a flat bed. If you have a good customs broker they can arrange this for a number of fees and some substantial costs. 两岸码头的货柜，以一个仓库设施，可以卸下容器，并装入到一个单位，床，如果你有一个良好的报关行，他们可以安排，这为一些费用及一些重大的代价。 This method will require that the product be in forklift friendly pallets or crates.这种方法将要求该产品在叉车友好托盘或包装箱。 If they are not, consider having them recrated at the warehouse where they will be cross-docked - this is real expensive.如果他们没有考虑过他们recrated在仓库那里，他们将跨对接-这是真正的昂贵。 Flatbed trucks are available with “piggy-back” forklifts or you can rent your own.平板卡车，可与"背驮式"叉车或者你可以租你自己的。 Note that the forklifts that come with the flatbed typically are used for brick pallets (on a brickyard) and hence have rather large tires.注意的是叉车转来与平板通常是用于砖托盘（一砖厂），因此有相当大的轮胎。 Check the sizes of your delivery location’s doors before hand.检查大小你的交货地点的大门，然后手。 More information relating to the cost of this method can be found on a recent Sourcejuice article:更多有关的资料的费用，这种方法可以发现最近sourcejuice文章： Digging Deeper - Actual Landed Costs Examined.深入研究-实际到岸成本审查。
Unload the container by hand. This is a bad idea for a number of reasons, but you have to play the cards you are dealt. 卸下货柜的手，这是一个不错的主意，为的原因很多，但是你要发挥你卡处理。 I have unloaded a 20ft container of carton packaged kitchen cabinets with 4-5 workers for 4 hours.我已卸下20英尺集装箱的纸盒包装厨柜与4-5工作者为4个小时。 I incurred costs from the delivery company for extra time and the workers. i招致的费用从递送公司对额外时间和工人。 The container also showed up late which cost in extra man hours.货柜也显示了后期成本的额外工时。 Typically no matter what you buy from China it will likely be heavy and several feet off the ground, this is not a recipe for success.通常不管你购买来自中国，它很可能会非常繁忙，而且几次脚离开地面，这不是一个取得成功的秘诀之一。
Borrow a loading dock. Find a trusted company that will allow you to schedule delivery to their location where you can unload. 借用卸货。找到一个可以信赖的公司，这将使你如期交付给他们的位置，您可以卸载。 You may consider working out an arrangement for storing your product at their location.你可以考虑制订一项安排，用于存储你的产品在他们的位置。 What ever you decide, as long as you get the product on the ground, the sky is the limit.以往什么你决定，只要你的产品放在地上，天空是极限。

Packaging 包装
To make your import venture the most profitable, you need to get as much product on the container as possible.为了使您的进口创业最有利可图的，你必须找到更多的产品对集装箱进行。 As with anything in this world, you get what you pay for.正如任何在这个世界上，你所得到的，是你支付的。 Expect to open your container and find wood crates, cardboard cartons or pallets packed all aligned tightly together.期望打开容器，并找到木质包装箱，纸板，纸箱或托盘包装的所有不结盟紧紧地握在一起。 Sometimes the product will be stacked on top of one another.有时新产品将堆放在顶部的一个。 Remember, packing a container is not a science, when the factory makes the order they can not account for all variables and sizes.请记住，包装货柜，是不是一门科学，当工厂生产秩序，他们不能对所有的变数和大小。 I have ordered granite and not all of it would fit once the order was complete.我已下令花岗岩而且并非所有的，它会适合当命令完成。 “We’ll catch those countertops on the next order”, is another great reason to do inventory first thing upon arrival as you hope the factory informed you of this before the container left China (you never know). "我们将赶上这些countertops就下命令" ，是另一项伟大的理由不这样做库存的第一件事，抵达后，你希望厂方告诉你，这样的货柜离开中国（你永远不知道）。 There are also weight requirements on containers, so once you hit the mark, that is it.也有重量要求的容器，所以当你击中标志，即是它。 Check out a recent Sourcejuice article on签出近sourcejuice文章 WPM运动 or Wood Packaging Material and how it can affect you at the border.或木质包装材料，以及它如何影响你在边境。

Inventory/Broken Products/Model Numbers 库存/破碎产品/型号数字
Your first mission is to unload the entire container and perform an inventory of your shipment.你的第一个任务是卸下整个集装箱和履行清点你的主脑人物。 That sounds so easy, but it becomes much more than trivial once the container is standing in front of you.这听起来那么简单了，但它变得较琐碎，一旦货柜，是常委会在您的面前。 It takes enough time to just unload the crates from the container.它需要足够的时间刚刚卸下装箱，从容器中。 Some of your crates will not be sturdy enough to make it the entire trip.你的一些包装箱不会坚固足以令它在整个旅途中。 Expect to rest the forklift operator for a while and carefully unpack these crates by hand.指望休息了装卸操作了一会儿，精心包装，装箱，这些被手。

You can’t exactly ask for a refund! 你不能确切要求退款！ So why do you care? 那么，为什么你的照顾吗？
What is done, is not done!什么是做，没有这样做！ The factory should give you a credit for the broken items that did not make the trip.厂方应该给你一个信用，为破碎的物品没有成行。 Check out one of SourceJuice’s articles, “签出的一个sourcejuice的文章， " Does China Have a Return Policy?中国是否有退货政策？ ” for additional strategies and information. "为更多的策略和信息。 Your cargo insurance will not cover damages unless the entire container was a loss.你的货物保险，将不给予赔偿，除非整个集装箱是一个损失。 This is where the camera and notepad come into play.这是相机和记事来发挥作用。 The factory will want proof of the damage.该工厂将要证明存在损害。 You can’t expect them to ask for the items back can you?你不能期望他们要求的物品回你能吗？ It is best to unpack the entire container, unpackage the material, sort, organize and inventory it.最好是解压整个货柜， unpackage材料，分类，整理和清点。 Quickbooks has a great inventory tool built in if you buy the right version. QuickBooks的具有相当的库存工具内置如果你购买权的版本。 Start off on the right “business foot”, once your business gets going you may never have another opportunity to get it straight.起步就有权"生意脚" ，一旦你的业务大干快上，你可能永远不会再有机会得到它直。 Work with the factory during the ordering process to ensure you have a unique model numbering system for your products.工作与工厂在订购过程，以确保你有一个独特的模型编号系统，为您的产品。 Plan ahead, keep the same scheme across different factories and ensure there is room to expand.未雨绸缪，保持相同的计划，在不同的工厂，并确保有拓展空间。 I can not tell you how many importers I have witnessed with the most distressing of inventory systems (or none) in place.我不能告诉你有多少个入口，我目睹与最痛心的库存系统（或无）到位。

Defective Products 缺陷产品
Test, Test, Test - that is all there is to say.测试，测试，测试-这是所有有说的。 Do not assume that because the crate looks fine or the product itself looks fine that all is okay.不要想当然地认为，由于机箱看起来罚款或产品本身看来，罚款，我一切都非常好。 I will give you an example.我给你举个例子。 I purchased over 100 stainless steel kitchen sinks, unpacked the container, unwrapped the boxes and was satisfied with the product.我购买了超过100不锈钢厨房的水槽，散装货柜，展开箱子，并确信与产品。 It wasn’t until the sinks were installed in one of our construction projects that we realized during a home owner walk-through that all of the water would not drain from the sink.只是到了水槽被安装在我们的一个建设项目，我们意识到，在一个家业主拱门式，所有的水不会流失，从沉没的。 There were small pools left around the drain, which were tell-tale signs of defective material.有小水池左侧周围外流，这种现象被告知童话的迹象，有缺陷的材料。 Test your products, one from every crate if possible.测试你的产品，其中一名来自每一个板条箱，如果可能的。 It would have been disastrous if we had sold the sinks on the retail market.它将有灾难性的，如果我们出卖了沉没于零售市场。

Storage Options 存储选项

Storage Containers (onsite) - Depending on your industry and product, you may want to store your materials onsite for easy installation. 存储容器（现场） -这取决于你的行业和产品，你可能想，让你可以储存材料上门，方便安装。 If the goods are heavy this may be a good idea.如果货物沉重，这也许是一个好主意。 I have purchased and rented a number of containers from我已经购买和租用多个集装箱从 ContainerTech containertech out of Georgia and they ship nationally.出于格鲁吉亚和他们的船在国内。 Prices range starting at $1,400 for aluminum containers to buy and $300 a month to rent.价格范围从$ 1400铝容器内，以购买和300元，一个月的租金。 Remember, the container the product arrives in has to go back with the delivery truck.请记住，集装箱产品抵了回去与交付卡车。
Self Storage Units - make sure the complex can handle turn radiuses for semi-trucks or flatbeds. 自我储存单位-确保复杂的，可办理转半径为半卡车或f latbeds。
Warehouse 仓库

Be Prepared for Anything 准备什么
Even the best planning in the world can’t account for everything.即使是最好的规划，在世界上不能说明一切。 I have seen entire shipments intricately planned and still there are unforseeable circumstances - like the forklifts were unable to clear loading bay doors.我看到了整个出货量错综复杂的计划，并仍然存在，是不能预知的情况下-例如叉车无法明确装载区大门。 Make sure you have allowed for extra help, workers, time and flexibility in delivery methods.确保您有允许额外的帮助，工人，时间和灵活性在分娩方式。 Figure out an exit strategy or backup plan.想出一个撤出战略或备份计划。 Time to unload containers is costly, don’t lose that “imported from China” landed cost at the final hour.时间卸下集装箱，是昂贵的，不丧失， "从中国进口的"降落成本，在最后时刻。

Don’t Forget Insurance 不要忘了保险
So your shipment has arrived safely, categorized and inventoried.使您的货物已平安抵达，归类并清点。 Don’t forget to insure it - wholesale goods in unmanned warehouses are a thieves best friend.不要忘了投保-批发货物，在无人值守的仓库是一个小偷最好的朋友。 Remember, thefts can occur as inside and outside jobs.记住，盗窃可能是因为内外就业机会。 Make sure you have proper security measures in place to detour theft.确保您有适当的保安措施，以绕远路盗窃。 Again, plan ahead if you are going to install cameras or burglar alarm systems.再次，提前计划，如果你是打算安装摄像机或防盗报警系统。 Theft is another major cost that can increase your landed price per item!盗窃是另一项主要成本，可以提高您的登陆价格每件！ If you are using onsite storage containers, consider MobilMini they have如果你正在使用的现场存储容器，考虑mobilmini他们 incredible locking systems令人难以置信的门禁系统 for their containers.他们的容器。

Good luck, it is all on you.好运气，它是所有在你们身上。 If you need our help - we are always here.如果您需要我们的帮助-我们总是在这里。 SourceJuice sourcejuice

迪伦blankenship签名
dylan@sourcejuice.com // Dylan Blankenship dylan@sourcejuice.com / /迪伦blankenship

January 27, 2008 | Filed Under 2008年1月27日|文章属于 Logistics物流 | Leave a Comment留下评论

Top 10 Cool Uses for Shipping Containers十大酷用途的集装箱船

Do not adjust your computer screens, in this week’s article we will examine the unnatural phenomena of cool uses for shipping containers.不调整你的电脑屏幕上，在本星期的文章，我们会研究是否违反自然规律的现象，冷静用途的海运集装箱。 It’s not just all work and no play here at SourceJuice!它不仅是所有工作，并没有发挥在这里sourcejuice ！

1. 1 。 Restaurants/Cafe - I’ll bet you’ve all seen the red UK style buses converted into quaint hamburger joints, but never a shipping container turned into ritzy New York contemporary cafe. 餐厅/咖啡厅 -我敢打赌肯定不好受，你都看到了红色英式巴士转换成古朴汉堡包关节，但绝不会成为一个集装箱变成r itzy纽约当代咖啡厅。

2. 2 。 MythBusters - these guys have found countless uses for shipping containers including explosion/blast bunkers, catapults, Evil Knievel style launch ramps - you name it. 流言终结者 -这些家伙已经找到无数用途的海运集装箱，包括爆炸/爆炸掩体内，弹射器，恶k nievel作风发射斜道， -你的名字。

神话的主力部队

3. 3 。 Datacenters 数据中心

孙暗箱

暗箱PIC的2条

Technology is my first love.技术是我的初恋。 Sun Microsystem’s “太阳微系统的" Project Blackbox项目暗箱 ” is a prototype of the world’s first datacenter built into a shipping container and optimized to deliver extreme energy, space, and performance efficiencies to locations as diverse as deserts, disaster zones or even Mars. "是一个原型，是全球首个数据中心，建成集装箱和优化来实现极端能源，太空和性能效率的地点，不同的荒漠化防治，灾害区，甚至火星。 A complete datacenter ready to ship anywhere, just drop it on site and add power and connectivity and you’re up and running!一个完整的数据中心准备的船舶在任何地方，只是下降，它在现场或补充电源和连接性和您启动和运行！

4. 4 。 Art & Oragami 艺术＆ oragami

oragami

The newly completed Nestle Chocolate Museum in Mexico City, designed by Rojkind Arquitectos, resembles an origami shipping container of sorts and serves as a public space where visitors can learn about and witness the production of Nestle chocolate.新落成的雀巢巧克力博物馆，在墨西哥城，设计rojkind建筑师，类似于一个折纸集装箱的种类，并把它作为公共空间，让参观者可以了解并见证了生产的雀巢巧克力。 The most incredible fun fact about this structure is that it was completed in 2.5 months from start to finish, including design and construction.最令人难以置信的乐趣，其实这个结构是，它完成了2.5个月，从开始到结束，包括设计和建造。

5. 5 。 Houses & Living [high end/luxury] 房子与生活[高档/豪华]

zigloo -勒克司住房

Zigloo Residential Design zigloo住宅设计 has some great concepts for the luxury home market, coming to a town near you.有一些伟大的观念，为豪宅市场，在未来的一个小镇在你附近。

6. 6 。 Other Housing 其他房屋

12 container housing. 12个货柜屋。

7. 7 。 Museums 博物馆

博物馆内

The Nomadic Museum is the name given to a temporary structure composed of 156 shipping containers, housing the游牧博物馆是所有到一个临时搭建物组成的156个海运集装箱，房屋 Ashes and Snow灰烬与雪 photography exhibit of摄影展 Gregory Colbert格雷戈里colbert . 。

Gregory Colbert originally conceived of the idea for a sustainable traveling museum in 1999.格雷戈里colbert原先设想的想法，为一个可持续的行馆， 1999年。 He envisioned a structure that could easily be assembled in ports of call around the world, providing a transitory environment for his work on its global journey.他设想一种结构，可以很容易地聚集到港口的电话遍布世界，提供一个过渡环境，他的工作，在它的全球之旅。

8. 8 。 Septic Tanks - eeewwww…Check out the 化粪池-e eewwww…签出 patent专利 , nuff said. ， nuff说。

集装箱败血症一日

集装箱败血症图

9. 9 。 Rocket Launcher 火箭筒

火箭筒

*Just Kidding* *只是开玩笑*

10. 10 。 Container Cities 货柜城市

集装箱市

Urban Space Management’s城市空间管理的 Container City集装箱市 projects in London and elsewhere in the UK.项目在伦敦和其他地方，在英国。 As one of the designers in this作为一个设计师，在这 video视频 explains, the containers are initially manufactured to such precise specifications, that they only vary from each other a couple millimeters.解释说，货柜是最初制造这种精确规格，他们只是因人而异对方一对夫妇毫米。 Thus, they are comparatively much simpler to assemble and deal with than traditional building materials.所以，他们是相对简单得多，装配和处理比传统的建筑材料。